Perspectives in Diabetes
نویسنده
چکیده
It generally is accepted that a diet high in fiber, decreased dietary fat content were present. Thus, it has not been possible to determine if dietary fiber was patticularly soluble fiber, is useful in the management playing a significant role. The of studies in of the plasma glucose concentration in individuals with diabetes. This is one of the reasons several which specific, defined fibers have been added to the national diabetes associations have recommended that diet suggest that the naturally occurring fiber in diabetic individuals ingest a diet high in foods is likely to play only a minor role. Diabetes fiber-containina foods. However. more recent data 42:503-508, 1993 obtained in carefully controlled studies with more definitive end points, indicate this may not be the case. It has been shown clearly that addition of water-soluble, gel-forming fiber in the form of guar gum and perhaps gum tragacanth to an ingested glucose solution or to a mixed meal will reduce the expected rise in glucose concentration. This has been demonstrated in both normal subjects and subjects with IDDM and NIDDM. However, it is only observed when large amounts of fiber are added. The fiber also must be mixed with the administered glucose or food. Other less viscous soluble fiber sources such as the pectins and psyllium powder are not effective. In long-term, well-controlled trials, guar gum, pectin, beet fiber, or cereal bran fiber ingested with meals has been of little or no value in controlling the plasma glucose concentration in individuals with NIDDM. Several studies have been conducted in which a high-carbohydrate diet has been reported to reduce the plasma glucose concentration. In these diets, foods with a high fiber content have been emphasized. In general, they were not well controlled, and several confounding variables such as weight loss, decreased food energy intake, different food sources with potential for differences in starch digestibility, and
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